Chapter 10

श्री भगवानुवाच · śrī bhagavānuvāca

भूय एव महाबाहो श्रृणु मे परमं वचः।यत्तेऽहं प्रीयमाणाय वक्ष्यामि हितकाम्यया॥

bhūya eva mahābāho śrṛṇu me paramaṃ vacaḥ |yatte'haṃ prīyamāṇāya vakṣyāmi hitakāmyayā ||

The Blessed Lord said, Again, O mighty-armed Arjuna, listen to my supreme word which I will declare to you, who are beloved, for your welfare.

Lord Shri Krishna said: Now, O Prince! Listen to My supreme advice, which I give you for the sake of your welfare, for you are My beloved.

न मे विदुः सुरगणाः प्रभवं न महर्षयः।अहमादिर्हि देवानां महर्षीणां च सर्वशः॥

na me viduḥ suragaṇāḥ prabhavaṃ na maharṣayaḥ |ahamādirhi devānāṃ maharṣīṇāṃ ca sarvaśaḥ ||

Neither the hosts of the gods nor the great sages know My origin; for I am the source of all the gods and the great sages in every way.

Neither the professors of divinity nor the great ascetics know My origin, for I am the source from which they all originate.

यो मामजमनादिं च वेत्ति लोकमहेश्वरम्।असम्मूढः स मर्त्येषु सर्वपापैः प्रमुच्यते॥

yo māmajamanādiṃ ca vetti lokamaheśvaram |asammūḍhaḥ sa martyeṣu sarvapāpaiḥ pramucyate ||

He who knows Me as unborn and beginningless, as the great Lord of the worlds, he among mortals is undeluded and is liberated from all sins.

He who knows Me as the unborn, without beginning, the Lord of the universe, he, stripped of his delusions, becomes free from all conceivable sins.

बुद्धिर्ज्ञानमसंमोहः क्षमा सत्यं दमः शमः।सुखं दुःखं भवोऽभावो भयं चाभयमेव च॥

buddhirjñānamasaṃmohaḥ kṣamā satyaṃ damaḥ śamaḥ |sukhaṃ duḥkhaṃ bhavo'bhāvo bhayaṃ cābhayameva ca ||

Intellect, wisdom, non-delusion, forgiveness, truth, self-restraint, calmness, happiness, pain, existence or birth, non-existence or death, fear, and also fearlessness.

Intelligence, wisdom, non-delusion, forgiveness, truth, self-control, calmness, pleasure, pain, birth, death, fear, and fearlessness;

अहिंसा समता तुष्टिस्तपो दानं यशोऽयशः।भवन्ति भावा भूतानां मत्त एव पृथग्विधाः॥

ahiṃsā samatā tuṣṭistapo dānaṃ yaśo'yaśaḥ |bhavanti bhāvā bhūtānāṃ matta eva pṛthagvidhāḥ ||

Non-injury, equanimity, contentment, austerity, beneficence, fame, and ill-fame—these different qualities of beings arise from Me alone.

Harmlessness, equanimity, contentment, austerity, beneficence, fame, and failure—all these characteristics of beings spring from Me alone.

महर्षयः सप्त पूर्वे चत्वारो मनवस्तथा।मद्भावा मानसा जाता येषां लोक इमाः प्रजाः॥

maharṣayaḥ sapta pūrve catvāro manavastathā |madbhāvā mānasā jātā yeṣāṃ loka imāḥ prajāḥ ||

The seven great sages, the ancient four, and the Manus, possessing powers like Mine (due to their minds being fixed on Me), were born from My mind; from them, these creatures have been born in this world.

The seven Great Seers, the progenitors of mankind, the Ancient Four, and the Lawgivers were born of My will and come forth directly from Me. The race of mankind has sprung from them. (Mareechi, Atri, Angira, Pulah, Kratu, Pulastya, Vahishta; the Masters: Sanak, Sanandan, Sanatan, Sanatkumar.)

एतां विभूतिं योगं च मम यो वेत्ति तत्त्वतः।सोऽविकम्पेन योगेन युज्यते नात्र संशयः॥

etāṃ vibhūtiṃ yogaṃ ca mama yo vetti tattvataḥ |so'vikampena yogena yujyate nātra saṃśayaḥ ||

He who truly knows these manifold manifestations of My Being and this Yoga-power of Mine, becomes established in unshakable Yoga; there is no doubt about it.

He who rightly understands My manifested glory and My creative power attains perfect peace without a doubt.

अहं सर्वस्य प्रभवो मत्तः सर्वं प्रवर्तते।इति मत्वा भजन्ते मां बुधा भावसमन्विताः॥

ahaṃ sarvasya prabhavo mattaḥ sarvaṃ pravartate |iti matvā bhajante māṃ budhā bhāvasamanvitāḥ ||

I am the source of all; from me everything evolves; Understanding this, the wise, endowed with meditation, worship me.

I am the source of all; from me everything flows. Therefore, the wise worship me with an unchanging devotion.

मच्चित्ता मद्गतप्राणा बोधयन्तः परस्परम्।कथयन्तश्च मां नित्यं तुष्यन्ति च रमन्ति च॥

maccittā madgataprāṇā bodhayantaḥ parasparam |kathayantaśca māṃ nityaṃ tuṣyanti ca ramanti ca ||

With their minds and lives wholly absorbed in Me, they enlighten each other and ever speak of Me, being satisfied and delighted.

With minds concentrated on Me, with lives absorbed in Me, and enlightening one another, they ever feel content and happy.

तेषां सततयुक्तानां भजतां प्रीतिपूर्वकम्।ददामि बुद्धियोगं तं येन मामुपयान्ति ते॥

teṣāṃ satatayuktānāṃ bhajatāṃ prītipūrvakam |dadāmi buddhiyogaṃ taṃ yena māmupayānti te ||

To those who are ever steadfast, worshipping me with love, I give the yoga of discrimination, by which they come to me.

To those who are always devout and who worship Me with love, I give the power of discrimination that leads them to Me.

तेषामेवानुकम्पार्थमहमज्ञानजं तमः।नाशयाम्यात्मभावस्थो ज्ञानदीपेन भास्वता॥

teṣāmevānukampārthamahamajñānajaṃ tamaḥ |nāśayāmyātmabhāvastho jñānadīpena bhāsvatā ||

Out of mere compassion for them, I, dwelling within their selves, destroy the darkness born of ignorance with the luminous lamp of knowledge.

By My grace, I live in their hearts, and I dispel the darkness of ignorance with the shining light of wisdom.

अर्जुन उवाच · arjuna uvāca

परं ब्रह्म परं धाम पवित्रं परमं भवान्।पुरुषं शाश्वतं दिव्यमादिदेवमजं विभुम्॥

paraṃ brahma paraṃ dhāma pavitraṃ paramaṃ bhavān |puruṣaṃ śāśvataṃ divyamādidevamajaṃ vibhum ||

Arjuna said, "You are the Supreme Brahman, the supreme abode, the supreme purifier, eternal, divine Person, the primeval God, unborn, and omnipresent."

Arjuna asked: Thou art the Supreme Spirit, the Eternal Home, the Holiest of Holies, the Eternal Divine Self, the Primal God, the Unborn, and Omnipresent.

आहुस्त्वामृषयः सर्वे देवर्षिर्नारदस्तथा।असितो देवलो व्यासः स्वयं चैव ब्रवीषि मे॥

āhustvāmṛṣayaḥ sarve devarṣirnāradastathā |asito devalo vyāsaḥ svayaṃ caiva bravīṣi me ||

All the sages have thus declared Thee, as also the divine sage Narada; so also Asita, Devala, and Vyasa; and now Thou Thyself dost say so to me.

So have said the seers, the divine sage Narada, Asita, Devala, and Vyasa; and Thou Thyself also sayest it.

सर्वमेतदृतं मन्ये यन्मां वदसि केशव।न हि ते भगवन् व्यक्ितं विदुर्देवा न दानवाः॥

sarvametadṛtaṃ manye yanmāṃ vadasi keśava |na hi te bhagavan vyakिtaṃ vidurdevā na dānavāḥ ||

I believe all that You have said to me to be true, O Krishna; indeed, O blessed Lord! Neither the gods nor the demons know Your manifestation (origin).

I believe in what You have said, my Lord! For neither the godly nor the godless comprehend Your manifestation.

स्वयमेवात्मनाऽत्मानं वेत्थ त्वं पुरुषोत्तम।भूतभावन भूतेश देवदेव जगत्पते॥

svayamevātmanā'tmānaṃ vettha tvaṃ puruṣottama |bhūtabhāvana bhūteśa devadeva jagatpate ||

Verily, Thou Thyself knowest Thyself by Thyself, O Supreme Person, O source and Lord of all beings, O God of gods, O ruler of the world!

You alone know Yourself, by the power of Your Self; You are the Supreme Spirit, the Source and Master of all being, the Lord of Lords, the Ruler of the Universe.

वक्तुमर्हस्यशेषेण दिव्या ह्यात्मविभूतयः।याभिर्विभूतिभिर्लोकानिमांस्त्वं व्याप्य तिष्ठसि॥

vaktumarhasyaśeṣeṇa divyā hyātmavibhūtayaḥ |yābhirvibhūtibhirlokānimāṃstvaṃ vyāpya tiṣṭhasi ||

You should indeed tell, without reserve, of your divine glories by which you exist, pervading all these worlds. (No one else can do so.)

Please tell me about all of Your glorious manifestations, through which You pervade the world.

कथं विद्यामहं योगिंस्त्वां सदा परिचिन्तयन्।केषु केषु च भावेषु चिन्त्योऽसि भगवन्मया॥

kathaṃ vidyāmahaṃ yogiṃstvāṃ sadā paricintayan |keṣu keṣu ca bhāveṣu cintyo'si bhagavanmayā ||

How shall I, ever meditating, know you, O Yogin? In what aspects or things, O blessed Lord, should I think of you?

O Master! How can I, through constant meditation, come to know You? My Lord! What are Your various manifestations through which I can meditate on You?

विस्तरेणात्मनो योगं विभूतिं च जनार्दन।भूयः कथय तृप्तिर्हि श्रृण्वतो नास्ति मेऽमृतम्॥

vistareṇātmano yogaṃ vibhūtiṃ ca janārdana |bhūyaḥ kathaya tṛptirhi śrṛṇvato nāsti me'mṛtam ||

Tell me again in detail, O Krishna, of your yogic power and glory; for I am not satiated with what I have heard of your life-giving and nectar-like speech.

Tell me again, I pray, of Thy power and Thy glory in full; for I feel that I am never satisfied when I listen to Thy immortal words.

श्री भगवानुवाच · śrī bhagavānuvāca

हन्त ते कथयिष्यामि दिव्या ह्यात्मविभूतयः।प्राधान्यतः कुरुश्रेष्ठ नास्त्यन्तो विस्तरस्य मे॥

hanta te kathayiṣyāmi divyā hyātmavibhūtayaḥ |prādhānyataḥ kuruśreṣṭha nāstyanto vistarasya me ||

The Blessed Lord said, "Very well! Now I will declare to you My divine glories in their prominence, O Arjuna; there is no end to their detailed description."

Lord Shri Krishna replied: So be it, My beloved friend! I will unfold to you some of the chief aspects of My glory. There is no end to its full extent.

अहमात्मा गुडाकेश सर्वभूताशयस्थितः।अहमादिश्च मध्यं च भूतानामन्त एव च॥

ahamātmā guḍākeśa sarvabhūtāśayasthitaḥ |ahamādiśca madhyaṃ ca bhūtānāmanta eva ca ||

I am the Self, O Gudakesa, seated in the hearts of all beings; I am the beginning, the middle, and the end of all beings.

O Arjuna! I am the Self, seated in the hearts of all beings; I am the beginning, the life, and the end of them all.

आदित्यानामहं विष्णुर्ज्योतिषां रविरंशुमान्।मरीचिर्मरुतामस्मि नक्षत्राणामहं शशी॥

ādityānāmahaṃ viṣṇurjyotiṣāṃ raviraṃśumān |marīcirmarutāmasmi nakṣatrāṇāmahaṃ śaśī ||

Among the twelve Adityas, I am Vishnu; among luminaries, the radiant sun; among the seven or forty-nine Maruts, I am Marichi; among stars, I am the moon.

Of all the creative powers, I am the Creator; of luminaries, the Sun; of winds, the Whirlwind; and of planets, the Moon.

वेदानां सामवेदोऽस्मि देवानामस्मि वासवः।इन्द्रियाणां मनश्चास्मि भूतानामस्मि चेतना॥

vedānāṃ sāmavedo'smi devānāmasmi vāsavaḥ |indriyāṇāṃ manaścāsmi bhūtānāmasmi cetanā ||

Among the Vedas, I am the Sama-Veda; among the gods, I am Vasava; among the senses, I am the mind; and among living beings, I am intelligence.

Of the Vedas, I am the hymns; I am the electric force in the powers of nature; of the senses, I am the mind; and I am the intelligence in all that lives.

रुद्राणां शङ्करश्चास्मि वित्तेशो यक्षरक्षसाम्।वसूनां पावकश्चास्मि मेरुः शिखरिणामहम्॥

rudrāṇāṃ śaṅkaraścāsmi vitteśo yakṣarakṣasām |vasūnāṃ pāvakaścāsmi meruḥ śikhariṇāmaham ||

And among the Rudras, I am Sankara; among the Yakshas and Rakshasas, the Lord of Wealth (Kubera); among the Vasus, I am Pavaka (Fire); and among the seven mountains, I am Meru.

Among forces of vitality, I am the life; I am Mammon to the heathens and the godless; I am the energy in fire, earth, wind, sky, heaven, sun, moon, and planets; and among mountains, I am Mount Meru.

पुरोधसां च मुख्यं मां विद्धि पार्थ बृहस्पतिम्।सेनानीनामहं स्कन्दः सरसामस्मि सागरः॥

purodhasāṃ ca mukhyaṃ māṃ viddhi pārtha bṛhaspatim |senānīnāmahaṃ skandaḥ sarasāmasmi sāgaraḥ ||

And, among the household priests of kings, O Arjuna, know Me to be the chief, Brihaspati; among the army generals, I am Skanda; among lakes, I am the ocean.

Among the priests, know, O Arjuna, that I am the priest Brihaspati; of generals, I am Skanda, the Commander-in-Chief, and of waters, I am the Ocean.

महर्षीणां भृगुरहं गिरामस्म्येकमक्षरम्।यज्ञानां जपयज्ञोऽस्मि स्थावराणां हिमालयः॥

maharṣīṇāṃ bhṛgurahaṃ girāmasmyekamakṣaram |yajñānāṃ japayajño'smi sthāvarāṇāṃ himālayaḥ ||

Among the great sages, I am Bhrigu; among words, I am the one syllable (Om); among sacrifices, I am the sacrifice of silent repetition; among the immovable things, I am the Himalayas.

Of the great seers, I am Bhrigu; of words, I am Om; of offerings, I am the silent prayer; among things immovable, I am the Himalayas.

अश्वत्थः सर्ववृक्षाणां देवर्षीणां च नारदः।गन्धर्वाणां चित्ररथः सिद्धानां कपिलो मुनिः॥

aśvatthaḥ sarvavṛkṣāṇāṃ devarṣīṇāṃ ca nāradaḥ |gandharvāṇāṃ citrarathaḥ siddhānāṃ kapilo muniḥ ||

Among all the trees, I am the Peepul; among the divine sages, I am Narada; among the Gandharvas, I am Chitraratha; among the perfected, I am the sage Kapila.

Of trees, I am the sacred fig tree; of divine seers, Narada; of heavenly singers, I am Chitraratha, their leader; and of sages, I am Kapila.

उच्चैःश्रवसमश्वानां विद्धि माममृतोद्भवम्।ऐरावतं गजेन्द्राणां नराणां च नराधिपम्॥

uccaiḥśravasamaśvānāṃ viddhi māmamṛtodbhavam |airāvataṃ gajendrāṇāṃ narāṇāṃ ca narādhipam ||

Know Me as Ucchaisravas, born of nectar, among horses; Airavata among lordly elephants; and the king among men.

Know that among horses I am Pegasus, heaven-born; among the lordly elephants I am the white one, and I am the ruler among men.

आयुधानामहं वज्रं धेनूनामस्मि कामधुक्।प्रजनश्चास्मि कन्दर्पः सर्पाणामस्मि वासुकिः॥

āyudhānāmahaṃ vajraṃ dhenūnāmasmi kāmadhuk |prajanaścāsmi kandarpaḥ sarpāṇāmasmi vāsukiḥ ||

Among weapons, I am the thunderbolt; among cows, I am the wish-fulfilling cow called Kamadhenu; I am the progenitor, the god of love; among serpents, I am Vasuki.

I am the thunderbolt among weapons; I am the Cow of Plenty among cows; I am Passion in those who procreate, and I am the Cobra among serpents.

अनन्तश्चास्मि नागानां वरुणो यादसामहम्।पितृ़णामर्यमा चास्मि यमः संयमतामहम्॥

anantaścāsmi nāgānāṃ varuṇo yādasāmaham |pitṛṇāmaryamā cāsmi yamaḥ saṃyamatāmaham ||

I am Ananta among the Nagas; I am Varuna among water-deities; Aryaman among the Manes; I am Yama among the governors.

I am the king-python among snakes, I am the aqueous principle among those that live in water, I am the father of fathers, and among rulers I am death.

प्रह्लादश्चास्मि दैत्यानां कालः कलयतामहम्।मृगाणां च मृगेन्द्रोऽहं वैनतेयश्च पक्षिणाम्॥

prahlādaścāsmi daityānāṃ kālaḥ kalayatāmaham |mṛgāṇāṃ ca mṛgendro'haṃ vainateyaśca pakṣiṇām ||

And I am Prahlada among the demons, I am Time among reckoners, I am the lion among beasts, and Vainateya (Garuda) among birds.

And I am the devotee Prahlada among the heathens; of Time I am the Eternal Present; I am the Lion among beasts and the Eagle among birds.

पवनः पवतामस्मि रामः शस्त्रभृतामहम्।झषाणां मकरश्चास्मि स्रोतसामस्मि जाह्नवी॥

pavanaḥ pavatāmasmi rāmaḥ śastrabhṛtāmaham |jhaṣāṇāṃ makaraścāsmi srotasāmasmi jāhnavī ||

Among the purifiers, I am the wind; among the warriors, I am Rama; among the fishes, I am the shark; among the streams, I am the Ganga.

I am the wind among purifiers, the king Rama among warriors; I am the crocodile among fishes, and I am the Ganges among rivers.

सर्गाणामादिरन्तश्च मध्यं चैवाहमर्जुन।अध्यात्मविद्या विद्यानां वादः प्रवदतामहम्॥

sargāṇāmādirantaśca madhyaṃ caivāhamarjuna |adhyātmavidyā vidyānāṃ vādaḥ pravadatāmaham ||

Among creations I am the beginning, the middle, and the end, O Arjuna; among the sciences, I am the science of the Self; and I am the logic among controversialists.

I am the beginning, the middle, and the end of creation; among sciences, I am the science of spirituality; I am the discussion among disputants.

अक्षराणामकारोऽस्मि द्वन्द्वः सामासिकस्य च।अहमेवाक्षयः कालो धाताऽहं विश्वतोमुखः॥

akṣarāṇāmakāro'smi dvandvaḥ sāmāsikasya ca |ahamevākṣayaḥ kālo dhātā'haṃ viśvatomukhaḥ ||

Among the letters of the alphabet, I am the letter 'A' and the dual among compounds. I am verily the inexhaustible and everlasting time; I am the dispenser of the fruits of actions, having faces in all directions.

Of letters, I am A; I am the copulative in compound words; I am inexhaustible Time; and I am the all-pervading Preserver.

मृत्युः सर्वहरश्चाहमुद्भवश्च भविष्यताम्।कीर्तिः श्रीर्वाक्च नारीणां स्मृतिर्मेधा धृतिः क्षमा॥

mṛtyuḥ sarvaharaścāhamudbhavaśca bhaviṣyatām |kīrtiḥ śrīrvākca nārīṇāṃ smṛtirmedhā dhṛtiḥ kṣamā ||

And I am the all-devouring Death, and the source of prosperity for those who are to be prosperous; among the feminine qualities, I am fame, prosperity, speech, memory, intelligence, firmness, and forgiveness.

I am all-devouring Death; I am the Origin of all that will happen; I am Fame, Fortune, Speech, Memory, Intellect, Constancy, and Forgiveness.

बृहत्साम तथा साम्नां गायत्री छन्दसामहम्।मासानां मार्गशीर्षोऽहमृतूनां कुसुमाकरः॥

bṛhatsāma tathā sāmnāṃ gāyatrī chandasāmaham |māsānāṃ mārgaśīrṣo'hamṛtūnāṃ kusumākaraḥ ||

Among the hymns, I am the Brihatsaman; among meters, I am Gayatri; among months, I am Margasirsha; among seasons, I am the flowery season.

Of hymns, I am Brihatsama; of meters, I am Garatri; among months, I am Margasheersha (December); and I am Spring among seasons.

द्यूतं छलयतामस्मि तेजस्तेजस्विनामहम्।जयोऽस्मि व्यवसायोऽस्मि सत्त्वं सत्त्ववतामहम्॥

dyūtaṃ chalayatāmasmi tejastejasvināmaham |jayo'smi vyavasāyo'smi sattvaṃ sattvavatāmaham ||

I am the gambling of the deceitful; I am the splendor of the splendid; I am victory; I am the resolve of the resolute; I am the goodness of the good.

I am the gambler's cheat and the splendor of the splendid; I am victory; I am effort; and I am the purity of the pure.

वृष्णीनां वासुदेवोऽस्मि पाण्डवानां धनंजयः।मुनीनामप्यहं व्यासः कवीनामुशना कविः॥

vṛṣṇīnāṃ vāsudevo'smi pāṇḍavānāṃ dhanaṃjayaḥ |munīnāmapyahaṃ vyāsaḥ kavīnāmuśanā kaviḥ ||

Among the Vrishnis, I am Vaasudeva; among the Pandavas, I am Arjuna; among the sages, I am Vyasa; among the poets, I am Usanas, the poet.

I am Shri Krishna among the Vishnu-clan, Arjuna among the Pandavas, Vyasa among the saints, and Shukracharya among the sages.

दण्डो दमयतामस्मि नीतिरस्मि जिगीषताम्।मौनं चैवास्मि गुह्यानां ज्ञानं ज्ञानवतामहम्॥

daṇḍo damayatāmasmi nītirasmi jigīṣatām |maunaṃ caivāsmi guhyānāṃ jñānaṃ jñānavatāmaham ||

Of those who punish, I am the scepter; among those who seek victory, I am statesmanship; and among secrets, I am silence; I am knowledge among knowers.

I am the scepter of rulers, the strategy of conquerors, the silence of mystery, and the wisdom of the wise.

यच्चापि सर्वभूतानां बीजं तदहमर्जुन।न तदस्ति विना यत्स्यान्मया भूतं चराचरम्॥

yaccāpi sarvabhūtānāṃ bījaṃ tadahamarjuna |na tadasti vinā yatsyānmayā bhūtaṃ carācaram ||

And whatever is the seed of all beings, that too am I, O Arjuna; there is no being, be it moving or unmoving, that can exist without Me.

I am the seed of all beings, O Arjuna! No creature, moving or unmoving, can live without Me.

नान्तोऽस्ति मम दिव्यानां विभूतीनां परंतप।एष तूद्देशतः प्रोक्तो विभूतेर्विस्तरो मया॥

nānto'sti mama divyānāṃ vibhūtīnāṃ paraṃtapa |eṣa tūddeśataḥ prokto vibhūtervistaro mayā ||

There is no end to My divine glories, O Arjuna, but this is a brief statement by Me of the particulars of My divine glory.

O Arjuna! The aspects of My divine life are endless; I have mentioned only a few as an example.

यद्यद्विभूतिमत्सत्त्वं श्रीमदूर्जितमेव वा।तत्तदेवावगच्छ त्वं मम तेजोंऽशसंभवम्॥

yadyadvibhūtimatsattvaṃ śrīmadūrjitameva vā |tattadevāvagaccha tvaṃ mama tejoṃ'śasaṃbhavam ||

Whatever being there is glorious, prosperous, or powerful, know that to be a manifestation of a part of My splendor.

Whatever is glorious, excellent, beautiful, and mighty, be assured that it comes from a fragment of My splendor.

अथवा बहुनैतेन किं ज्ञातेन तवार्जुन।विष्टभ्याहमिदं कृत्स्नमेकांशेन स्थितो जगत्॥

athavā bahunaitena kiṃ jñātena tavārjuna |viṣṭabhyāhamidaṃ kṛtsnamekāṃśena sthito jagat ||

But, of what avail is the knowledge of all these details to you, O Arjuna? I exist, supporting this whole world with one part of Myself.

But what is the use of all these details to you, O Arjuna? I sustain this universe with only a small part of Myself.